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Crypto & DePIN

20 statements · 2025–2025

Tokenized model ownership with royalties

DeepSeek and the Dominance of Open Source AI | Akash & Prime Intellect: Mined with CoinFund Ep. 19 (CoinFund)

“Having to own a piece of… [an] actual model and getting royalties when people use it, I think, is going to be a big shared ownership model the world has never seen before.” — Greg Osuri, 00:40:34

Context: On closed-weights/open-model tokenization experiments; he argues crypto is the only way most people get financial exposure to frontier AI.


Borrowing security from Bitcoin

Akash Network (AKT) Explained: Everything You Need To Know Before Investing by Founder Greg Osuri (Founder School)

“A person of his nature and stature helping Akash design economics is just the tip of the iceberg… his proposal essentially: let Akash borrow security from Bitcoin — that way we don’t need to allocate that many tokens for security, but rather actually borrow from a better security, from a proof-of-work model.” — Greg Osuri, 00:11:00

Context: Referring to Stanford’s David Tse (captioned “David Shay”), described as having helped Ethereum’s move to proof of stake, now contributing to Akash economics through the open SIG process.


Studio-driven chains risk losing decentralization

Akash Network (AKT) Explained: Everything You Need To Know Before Investing by Founder Greg Osuri (Founder School)

“There is a chance the studio will go so big that they determine the protocol completely… I think there’s a heavy risk now that it may lose its decentralization nature… and if that model is going to be exported for the rest of the crypto ecosystem — which most likely it looks like it is — then we’re in big trouble.” — Greg Osuri, 00:41:24

Context: Naming Polygon (with stated respect for its BD team) as the example of labs/studios accruing power over protocols; contrasts with Akash’s radically open model — “make better mistakes tomorrow.” Quote spans into 00:42:06.


DePIN plus DeFi creates new financial assets to fund home compute

Interview With Greg Osuri, Founder Of Akash Network (Secret Network)

“We’re doing DeFi rails… we can decouple the ownership of the asset from the earnings… sell the ownership of the asset to someone that wants depreciation… crypto has got incredible primitives — the DePIN primitive and DeFi primitive, when you bring them together you can create amazing financial assets… you can purchase an asset that will give you like 15% return.” — Greg Osuri, 00:26:40

Context: Financing structure for superclusters (CDO-like tranching of GPU earnings and depreciation); also partnering with an unnamed big bank that likes GPUs as liquid collateral.


A peer-to-peer marketplace is the only way to get chips

DePin, Scams & Decentralized ML (Chris Joannou)

“The only way we will be able to get chips is through a peer-to-peer marketplace, and that’s really what Akash is building.” — Greg Osuri, 00:24:24

Context: H100s/A100s were unobtainable even on hyperscaler clouds during the 2023 GPU crunch; he notes Musk had just bought ~10,000 H100s.


Starbonds: fractional on-chain ownership of AI infrastructure

Akash Accelerate 2025: Official Livestream (Akash Network)

“Starbonds are designed to reward early participants up to 6.4 times return on investment in high demand scenarios, only 25% principal at risk in low demand cases. The internal rate of return increases with early tier discounts, from 36.7% to 44.8%… This isn’t speculative crypto. These are productive digital assets tied to real-world AI infrastructure powering actual AI workloads.” — Greg Osuri, 04:37:07

Context: Launch of the Starbond funding model — first issuance “Star Cluster Alpha,” ~75,000 bonds at $1,000 par; discounts for stakers of 100+ AKT. Quantified return projections.


Akash vs Render: permissionless and on-chain vs closed and off-chain

Beyond GPUs: How Decentralization Can Solve AI's Biggest Scaling Bottleneck | Day 2 | Crypto x AI (Blockworks)

“Akash is permissionless, decentralized. It runs fully on-chain — every transaction, every lease happens on-chain — whereas Render is closed source and off-chain. [The] only thing that happens on-chain is payments and nothing else… one is permissionless, another one is not. And we emphasize quite heav[ily] on self-custody.” — Greg Osuri, 00:14:54

Context: Q&A answer to “what’s the difference between Akash and Render.”


Starbonds are capital democratization for compute

Beyond GPUs: How Decentralization Can Solve AI's Biggest Scaling Bottleneck | Day 2 | Crypto x AI (Blockworks)

“We introduce the Starbonds, a digital asset that represents fractional ownership of compute… You reserve a Starbond. A node keeper provisions and operates the hardware. You receive a share of the revenue generated by the node. Transparent, on-chain, and aligned from day one. This isn’t just capital formation. It’s capital democratization.” — Greg Osuri, 00:10:34

Context: Funding model for Star Cluster, pitched to investors with a QR-code whitelist at the end of the talk.


Star Bonds: fractional on-chain ownership of compute

Akash Accelerate 2025 - Star Bonds (Akash Network)

“How do we fund and govern a cloud with no single entity controls? With Star Bonds, a new model of fractional on-chain ownership for compute infrastructure… Anyone can reserve a star bond, a node keeper provisions and operates the star node, AI workloads run, revenue is earned, payouts flow back to holders. It’s transparent, permissionless, aligned from day one.” — Unknown, 00:00:01

Context: Launch of the Star Bonds financing model at Accelerate 2025. Speaker: keynote segment, uncredited in captions; consistent with Greg’s keynote.


Starbonds: fractional on-chain ownership of AI infrastructure with up to 6.4x ROI

Akash Accelerate 2025 - Greg Osuri Keynote (Akash Network)

“Starbonds are designed to reward early participants up to 6.4 times return on investment, or ROI, in high demand scenarios; only 25% principal at risk in low demand cases… And this isn’t speculative crypto. These are productive digital assets tied to real-world AI infrastructure powering actual AI workloads.” — Greg Osuri, 00:13:02

Context: Announcing Starbonds capital-formation model; first issuance “Star Cluster Alpha” of ~75,000 bonds at $1,000 par, discounts gated by AKT staking.


Starbonds: NFT rack ownership paying on-chain AI revenue

Superintelligence Needs The Supercloud Why the AI Revolution... | PMLS 2025 | Day 3 | Open Source AI (Blockworks)

“Each Starbond is an NFT that represents ownership in a specific node. When you mint one, you’re backing the deployment of a real-world rack by a node keeper in a real facility serving real AI workloads. In return, you earn a pro-rata share of the node’s revenue automatically on chain without intermediaries. It’s like staking, but instead of securing a blockchain, you’re powering intelligence.” — Greg Osuri, 00:12:49

Context: His funding model replacing “mega project loans” — “a new asset class: performance-yielding AI infrastructure. No speculation, no hype — just hardware, revenue and compute.”


Up to 6.4x ROI; 36.7-44.8% IRR tiers; $75M first issuance

Akash Accelerate 2025 - Star Bonds (Akash Network)

“Star Bonds are designed to reward early participants — up to 6.4 times return on investment in high demand scenarios, only 25% principal at risk in low demand cases. The internal rate of return increases with early tier discounts, from 36.7% to 44.8%… First issuance Star Cluster Alpha will release about 75,000 bonds, each with a par value of $1,000.” — Unknown, 00:00:45

Context: Quantified financial projections for the instrument, framed as “productive digital assets tied to real-world AI infrastructure” and “capital formation for the age of permissionless AI.” Speaker: keynote segment; consistent with Greg.


Compute-for-token model guarantees future inference revenue

Solving the AI energy crisis | Greg Osuri on what it takes to power AI (Changelog)

“The business model for distributed training — almost all of the models I’ve looked at — the common thing they have is you contribute compute, you get some representation of that contribution in form of a token, and that token will guarantee you future revenues from the model, from inference.” — Greg Osuri, 01:06:10

Context: Explaining why decentralized training needs a token; he notes a 5090 on Akash earns ~92 cents/hour today and predicts intermediaries will take token risk before consumers do.


Enormous money in decentralized AI in the next 1-2 years; Gensyn trains 10,000 models

Solving the AI energy crisis | Greg Osuri on what it takes to power AI (Changelog)

“I think there’s enormous money to be made in the next one to two years in the decentralized space… there’s zero hype on these protocols… [Gensyn] alone is right now training about 10,000 models concurrently. 10,000 models. Name a single AI lab that can do that.” — Greg Osuri, 01:08:18

Context: Captions render “Gensyn” as “Jensen”; he identifies it as a decentralized ML training network founded by Oxford researchers, a16z-funded.


Decentralize what is abundant and idle

DePIN: Hype or the Next Trillion-Dollar Market? - TOKEN2049 Singapore 2025 (TOKEN2049)

“DePIN shines when it mirrors its own design — like countless small parts, like trees in a forest or neurons in a brain… fragmented assets like GPUs or rooftop solar or Wi-Fi routers or city sensors… the line is simple: decentralize what is abundant and idle, and centralize what is scarce and indivisible.” — Greg Osuri, 00:14:42

Context: His answer to “when does DePIN make sense”: tokens are “the protocol layer that reduces entropy”; nuclear plants, hydro dams and submarine cables should stay centralized. (Quote begins at the end of the [00:13:58] block.)


Tokens are rocket fuel, not cruise fuel

DePIN: Hype or the Next Trillion-Dollar Market? - TOKEN2049 Singapore 2025 (TOKEN2049)

“Tokens are rocket fuel: they help you launch and bootstrap a network, but once you’re in orbit you have to run without the fuel, or like very less fuel… somehow we got to orbit using hot air balloons instead of rocket fuel.” — Greg Osuri, 00:31:23

Context: His summary of DePIN token-incentive sustainability, noting Akash reached “orbit” without token-bootstrapped supply.


A blockchain without decentralization "is just a really bad database"

Akash Founder: Why We're Leaving our Sovereign L1 Behind (Akash Alpha)

“If you remove all the bells and whistles of decentralization, from a technology standpoint it’s just a really bad database — that’s what it is, end of the day. But decentralization on top of it makes it extremely powerful. It’s the only database where you do not need permission to write… In SQL you need permission to write, you need a password, username; in blockchains you don’t need permission to write. That’s the most attractive part of a blockchain, but that comes with a lot of trade-offs.” — Greg Osuri, 00:05:00

Context: Explaining the true cost of running a chain — validator hardware, redundancy, and profitability tied to token emissions and price.


Sovereign-chain economics are unsustainable without massive volume

Akash Founder: Why We're Leaving our Sovereign L1 Behind (Akash Alpha)

“Only way to offset this risk of unknown cost is have massive amounts of transactions being written. Well, it’s very unlikely to have that many amount of transactions for a non-financial product… you need a lot of volume to be profitable. So economics at a certain stage becomes unsustainable without the volume… To summarize: crypto-economic value was not justifiable in terms of security, and second, validator profitability cannot be sustained with the current economics… and the market conditions don’t seem to be that favorable considering what’s happening geopolitically.” — Greg Osuri, 00:07:06

Context: The core economic argument for leaving the sovereign L1: “no one knows the answer” to the right emission level in proof-of-stake chains. Summary portion at [00:09:18].


Staking will evolve from security to direct exposure to AI compute

Akash Founder: Why We're Leaving our Sovereign L1 Behind (Akash Alpha)

“We’re looking at potentially giving direct exposure for stakers into the compute itself, instead of just security right now — because the stakers are staking for security but they’re not directly engaging with the AI compute, which is the bigger sort of opportunity… I’m particularly excited for staking on Akash evolving to a new paradigm.” — Greg Osuri, 00:23:41

Context: Reassuring stakers: migration is ~1 year out, stake migrates automatically, and he’s keeping his own and his family’s AKT staked throughout — “my entire family’s future depends on the AKT” ([00:26:33]).


The Cosmos model failed: sovereignty before product-market fit

The Truth About Decentralized AI and the Future of Compute (TEACHMEDEFI)

“I think the Cosmos model in general has failed — this is coming from someone who’s been in the space for a long time, Akash being one of the first Cosmos chains. The model where it failed is sovereignty before product market fit. It should be flipped… You don’t go build your own data center when you’re shipping an app.” — Greg Osuri, 00:29:37

Context: Explaining the “shared security migration” off Akash’s own L1 — 18 chains reached out; an 18-month Cosmos SDK upgrade delivered “zero customer features”; validator costs were forecast to balloon.